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The Florida Office of Insurance Regulation (OIR) oversees one of the most complex property insurance markets in the world and serves as a national leader in identifying market trends and taking bold action to promote a stable and competitive insurance market for consumers.
OIR is a national leader in identifying market trends and taking bold action because OIR collects more data about its insurance market than any other state or regulatory entity. OIR tracks and collects data from different sources to monitor affordability and availability in the property insurance market. A full list of OIR's required data reporting for property and casualty insurers is available here.
This page provides comprehensive data on the homeowners insurance market in Florida and includes data points such as market shares, rates and premiums, company financial information, and reinsurance coverage. This page is intended to serve as a resource for consumers and other stakeholders impacted by Florida's property insurance market.




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Property Insurance Market Highlights



7.43M

Residential Insurance Policies in Force

$3,600

Admitted Market Avg. Homeowner's Premium

1,003,727

Policies Approved for Citizens Takeout in 2024


0.5%

30-Day Average Request for Homeowners' Rates

1.2%

180-Day Average Request for Homeowners' Rates


Data as of August 1, 2024.



Property Insurance Market Data


Residential Policies and Direct Written Premium

OIR oversees one of the largest insurance markets in the world. One of the way OIR monitors data trends in the property insurance market is by tracking the total number of residential policies, the total direct written premium, and the total insured value within the market.

The table below provides policy totals for all carriers in Florida writing residential policies, including Citizens Property Insurance Corporation, starting with Q1 2022 (January 1 - March 31, 2022) to Q1 2024 (January 1 - March 31, 2024). This data can also be found in OIR's Residential Market Share Reports available here.

QuarterTotal Residential PoliciesTotal Direct Written PremiumTotal Insured Value
Q1 20247,431,723$21,317,138,074$3,734,368,458,379
Q4 20237,445,765$20,880,343,172$3,714,008,178,629
Q3 20237,516,270$20,415,826,997$3,669,818,603,191
Q2 20237,395,913$19,462,027,497$3,552,656,265,146
Q1 20237,389,333$18,126,499,815$3,379,651,274,319
Q4 20227,266,048$16,885,881,100$3,232,327,797,153
Q3 20227,308,685$16,471,533,103$3,192,788,464,719
Q2 20227,299,111$15,888,904,569$3,093,773,787,441
Q1 20227,313,456$15,373,829,805$2,998,648,301,011

Data as of March 31, 2024. Data from Quarterly Supplemental Reporting (QUASR).


Admitted Property Market vs. Non-Admitted Property Market

OIR tracks the number of personal and commercial residential property policies within the market through QUASRng. The admitted market is entities regulated through OIR. The non-admitted market is entities such as Citizens Property Insurance Corporation and Surplus Lines carriers. All admitted and non-admitted property writers are required to report data to OIR on a consistent basis. The table and chart below show the percentage of Florida's admitted property insurance market versus the non-admitted property insurance market. 

Admitted Property Market vs. Non-Admitted Property Market - Table

YearAdmitted Property Market Policies in ForceNon-Admitted Property Market Policies in Force - Citizens Non-Admitted Property Market Policies in Force - Surplus LinesTotal Policies in Force
2024 - Q16.29M1.16M0.26M7.71M
20236.22M1.22M0.26M7.7M
20226.12M1.14M0.31M7.57M
20216.37M0.76M0.32M7.45M
20206.53M0.54M0.33M7.4M
20196.43M0.44M0.34M7.21M
20186.32M0.42M0.31M7.05M
20176.22M0.43M0.27M6.92M
20166.04M0.45M0.22M6.71M
20155.87M0.49M0.19M6.55M
20145.54M0.64M0.15M6.33M
20135.11M1.00M0.13M6.24M
20124.80M1.29M0.11M6.2M
20114.67M1.44M0.10M6.21M
20104.89M1.25M0.09M6.23M
20095.19M1.00M0.09M6.28M
20085.22M1.05M-6.27M
20074.91M1.27M-6.18M
20065.46M0.92M-6.38M

Admitted Property Market vs. Non-Admitted Property Market - Chart 

 

Data as of June 11, 2024. Data is from Quarterly Supplemental Reporting (QUASR) and Florida Surplus Lines Service Office (FSLSO). Data does not include State Farm for years 2014 - 2018 and American Coastal Insurance Company, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company, and Family Security Insurance Company for years 2017 and 2018 due to trade secret declarations.


Residential Market Share Reports

OIR publishes residential market share reports, which provides information about the amount of direct written premium and total exposure by a company within a market. These reports are updated quarterly and are available on OIR's website here

The table below provides information about statewide totals of property and casualty insurers in Florida as of Q1 2024 (January 1 - March 31, 2024).

Total Number of Policies in ForceNumber of Commercial Residential Policies in ForceNumber of Personal Residential Policies in ForceTotal Direct Written Premium Written for Policies in ForceDirect Premium Written for Commercial Residential Policies in ForceDirect Premium Written for Personal Residential Policies in Force
7,431,72338,2127,393,511$21,317,138,074$2,123,149,400$19,193,988,674

Data as of March 31, 2024. Data is from Quarterly Supplemental Reporting (QUASR).

The table below provides information about the top 25 largest property and casualty insurers in Florida as of Q1 2024 (January 1 - March 31, 2024). 

Company NameTotal Number of Policies in ForceNumber of Commercial Residential Policies in ForceNumber of Personal Residential Policies in ForceTotal Direct Premium Written for Policies in ForceDirect Premium Written for Commercial Residential Policies in ForceDirect Premium Written for Personal Residential Policies in Force
Citizens Property Insurance Corporation1,162,7247,6881,155,036$3,975,806,616 $860,692,707
$3,115,113,909
State Farm Florida Insurance Company640,364 14,523 625,841 $1,215,958,650 $21,211,145
$1,194,747,505
Universal Property & Casualty Insurance Company560,3100560,310$1,572,698,867$0$1,572,698,867
Tower Hill Insurance Exchange354,8250354,825$993,326,496$0$993,326,496
American Bankers Insurance Company of Florida316,7710316,771$55,453,414$0$55,453,414
American Integrity Insurance Company of Florida264,7170264,717$657,195,292$0$657,195,292
Slide Insurance Company255,6440255,644$1,051,029,796$0$1,051,029,796
First Protective Insurance Company253,128585252,543$824,855,242$57,576,776$767,278,467
Castle Key Indemnity Company227,9220227,922$427,815,350$0$427,815,350
ASI Preferred Insurance Corp.201,2650201,265$493,068,472$0$493,068,472
United States Automobile Association156,4060156,406$387,722,497$0$387,722,497
Florida Peninsula Insurance Company147,7810147,781$612,444,921$0$612,444,921
Heritage Property & Casualty Insurance Company134,6392,700131,939$696,631,016$272,606,826$424,024,190
Security First Insurance Company134,3250134,325$440,685,187$0$440,685,187
Homeowners Choice Property & Casualty Insurance Company, Inc.129,2230129,223$564,345,763$0$564,345,763
Edison Insurance Company125,8030125,803$516,995,967$0$516,995,967
American Modern Home Insurance Company122,0680122,068$24,302,391$0$24,302,391
Southern Oak Insurance Company122,0370122,037$295,069,022$0$295,069,022
American Traditions Insurance Company118,2440118,244$179,461,677$0$179,461,677
KIN Interinsurance Network113,3020113,302$335,195,500$0$335,195,500
Homesite Insurance Company105,4260105,426$77,386,369$0$77,386,369
Monarch National Insurance Company90,152090,152$357,123,879$0$357,123,879
American Strategic Insurance Corp.88,716088,716$171,543,655$0$171,543,655
USAA Casualty Insurance Company87,513087,513$204,574,462$0$204,574,462
Truck Insurance Exchange86,997086,997$134,344,916$0$134,344,916

Data as of March 31, 2024. Data is from Quarterly Supplemental Reporting (QUASR).



Rate and Form Filings

OIR provides the general public with access to thousands of insurance company form and rate filings as part of the "Insurance Regulation Filing System (IRFS) Forms & Rates Filing Search" system. IRFS contains relevant filings for both the Life & Health and Property & Casualty lines of business. Users can search, view and/or download publicly available information related to these types of filings from January 5, 2001 to the present.

Please note, under Florida law, insurers have the option to submit filings as "use and file" or "file and use." A "use and file" filing can be implemented immediately. A company making a "use and file" filing is potentially subject to an order by OIR to return to policyholders portions of rates found to be excessive, in accordance with s. 626.0651, F.S. 

The IRFS Forms & Rates Filing Search is available here.

Disclaimer: Displayed rate changes may not fully reflect increases and decreases due to claims of trade secret.



Requested vs Approved Rates - Personal Residential Property
(Homeowners Multi-Peril, Mobile Home Multi-Peril, Dwelling Fire)

Florida's property insurance market has experienced challenges over the past several years. Most of the primary cost drivers in the Florida property insurance market, including catastrophic claims, adverse loss reserve development, inflation, and higher reinsurance costs, are notably exacerbated by excessive and costly litigation. In response to challenges in the market, insurers pass these costs to the consumer by increasing premiums to cover losses and expenses, creating affordability challenges for consumers.

In Florida, there are statutory requirements in place to protect consumers regarding rates and all insurers authorized to transact insurance in Florida must meet all requirements of the Florida Insurance Code. As such, OIR enforces all applicable provisions of Florida Statutes when reviewing policy and rate filings. Rates, including rate increases, must be adequate to maintain insurer solvency and pay claims, in accordance with s. 627.062, F.S. OIR carefully reviews proposed rate filings to ensure they comply with all applicable laws and are not excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory. Please note, If OIR finds a rate filing is inadequate to support company operations, OIR may direct the company to set a higher rate than requested.   

The table below displays the average requested rate for Personal Residential Property lines of business and the average rate approved by OIR for Personal Residential Property lines of business from August 2020 - July 2024.

Personal Residential Property lines of business include Homeowners Multi-Peril, Mobile Home Multi-Peril and Dwelling Fire. Please note, rates for individual policies may vary.

Personal Residential Property Average Rates Requested and Approved - Table

Month of Effective DateAverage Rate RequestedAverage Rate Approved
August 202011.83%10.43%
September 20208.87%8.86%
October 20206.81%7.21%
November 202010.88%9.95%
December 20207.45%7.42%
January 20218.87%8.88%
February 20215.76%5.67%
March 20217.74%7.99%
April 20213.87%3.83%
May 20214.63%3.98%
June 202110.61%11.54%
July 202117.56%16.74%
August 20217.62%7.58%
September 20218.40%8.33%
October 20215.11%5.06%
November 20216.51%5.67%
December 20217.77%6.13%
January 20229.36%9.33%
February 20226.77%5.80%
March 20226.20%6.21%
April 20224.64%4.64%
May 20225.21%4.77%
June 202212.50%12.49%
July 202212.22%11.28%
August 20229.63%9.65%
September 202211.37%8.43%
October 20229.85%9.32%
November 20228.33%8.20%
December 202214.28%11.99%
January 20237.08%5.30%
February 20237.98%7.98%
March 20233.50%2.67%
April 20235.65%5.54%
May 20237.89%7.772%
June 202311.69%11.69%
July 20236.88%6.81%
August 202311.32%11.31%
September 20233.97%3.97%
October 20236.20%4.76%
November 20232.84%2.84%
December 20239.59%9.46%
January 20241.82%1.82%
February 20240.98%0.98%
March 20241.10%1.10%
April 2024-2.03%-2.03%
May 20243.50%0.52%
June 20243.22%3.22%
July 20243.98%3.89%

Data as of July 29, 2024. Data is from rate filings submitted by insurers through the Insurance Regulation Filing System. Data includes Citizens Property Insurance Corporation.


Public Rate Hearings

In Florida, there are statutory requirements in place to protect consumers regarding rates and all insurers authorized to transact insurance in Florida must meet all requirements of the Florida Insurance Code. As such, OIR enforces all applicable provisions of Florida Statutes when reviewing policy and rate filings. Rates, including rate increases, must be adequate to maintain insurer solvency and pay claims, in accordance with s. 627.062, F.S.

OIR carefully reviews proposed rate filings to ensure they comply with all applicable laws and are not excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory. Additionally, OIR holds rate hearings for rate increases above 15% to receive comments from the public and to hear testimony from companies.

These hearings are open to the public and input from interested parties will be accepted. Those unable to attend the public hearings are welcome to forward comments to OIR at ratehearings@hereone.net. The subject line of emails should include the name of the company of interest and the words "rate hearings."

A list of past and upcoming rate hearings can be found on OIR's website here.


Average Homeowners' Policy Premium Data

OIR tracks the average homeowners' policy premium by county. A premium is the amount of money an insurance company charges for insurance coverage. The average premium by OIR is calculated by dividing direct written premium by policies in force.

Below is an overview of the statewide average homeowners' policy premium as of Q1 2024 (January 1 - March 31, 2024):

  • Average Statewide Homeowners' Insurance Policy Premium (admitted market): $3,631.74

  • Average Statewide Condo Unit Owners' Policy Premium (admitted market): $1,827.73

  • Average Statewide Homeowners' Insurance Policy Premium (surplus lines): $8,285.06*

  • Average Statewide Condo Unit Owners' Policy Premium (surplus lines): $3,134.72*

*OIR does not regulate rates for surplus line carriers.


Net Income and Net Underwriting Gain/Loss

OIR tracks the performance of Florida's domestic property insurers, including net underwriting gains, net income, and average combined ratio. Net Income represents the total revenues from an insurer's operations less total expenses and income taxes. Underwriting Gains or Losses represent how much an insurance company has either made or lost from their operations. The Average Combined Ratio is a measure of profitability which takes the sum of incurred losses and expenses and divides them by earned premium. Generally, an average combined ratio over 100 indicates that a company's profitability was negatively impacted by paying out more in expenses and losses compared to what was received from premium.

Performance of Florida Domestic Property Companies - Table

The table below displays information about  the performance of Florida domestic property companies.

YearNet IncomeNet UnderwritingAverage Combined Ratio
2006$220,531,044$218,919,835 89.4%
2007$355,742,943$194,040,613155.2%
2008$37,364,190-$36,741,042159.9%
2009-$114,816,523-$618,995,868156.6%
2010$43,016,580-$270,168,818212.3%
2011$124,438,737-$119,678,07354.7%
2012$287,909,695$140,564,73490.2%
2013$677,547,215$704,257,38381.7%
2014$797,571,586$940,378,566199.3%
2015$829,724,943$876,072,13675.1%
2016$151,420,727-$34,743,000110.0%
2017-$82,894,498-$386,731,22420.0%
2018-$85,594,262-$350,594,219114.3%
2019-$49,513,197-$440,143,260108.2%
2020-$556,072,108-$1,358,267,842251.8%
2021-$555,160,634-$1,005,873,42285.9%
2022-$853,693,120-$1,258,488,369349.2%
2023$312,712,799-$78,151,224104.9%
2024 Q1$281,314,675$168,955,21112.3%

Performance of Florida Domestic Property Companies - Chart

The chart below displays information about  the performance of Florida domestic property companies. The orange bar depicts the domestic industry's underwriting gain or loss. The blue bar indicates the domestic industry's net income. The blue line indicates the average combined ratio.


Data as of June 11, 2024. Data is from statutory financial statements submitted to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Citizens Property Insurance Corporation data is not included.


Loss Reserve Development

Insurers establish a loss reserve, which is the amount the insurer believes that claims will cost. At periodic points in time, an insurer goes back and evaluates how much those claims actually cost and uses that information to inform reserves going forward. If claims cost less than projected, reserve redundancies exist. If claims cost more than projected, reserves are said to have developed adversely.

If market trends result in increased claims payments of more than what was originally reserved, the actuary may recommend increasing the company’s reserves for future claims payments. To quantify, when carriers looked back one year later on their claims in 2022, claims were approximately $224 million more than estimated after one year, and $772 million at the two year mark. These numbers reflect the degree of uncertainty which exists in the property insurance market, which in turn impacts reinsurance capacity and reinsurance rates for insurers. The insurance industry is inherently uncertain; for this reason, it is not expected that the established loss reserve will always exactly equal the ultimate cost of claims. 

The data in the table and chart below depicts loss reserve development for Florida domestic insurers. The data in the table and chart below is as of Q4 2023 (October 1 - December 31, 2023).

Loss Reserve Development Over Time - Table

YearOne-Year Loss Reserve DevelopmentTwo-Year Loss Reserve Development
2018$418,361,083$241,305,223
2019$422,383,887$682,716,189
2020$256,176,545$676,441,792
2021$480,695,579$336,997,842
2022$223,592,143$721,989,376
2023$160,885,675$398,721,036

Loss Reserve Development Over Time - Chart

For the chart below, the blue line shows the one-year loss reserve development, and the orange line shows the two-year loss reserve development.


Data as of December 31, 2023. Data is from statutory financial statements submitted to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and from Quarterly Supplemental Reporting. Citizens Property Insurance Corporation is included.


Authorized Insurer Financials

Pursuant to s. 624.315, F.S. OIR tracks the names of authorized insurers transacting insurance in this state, by requiring abstracts of their financial statements including assets, liabilities, and net worth. The documents below contain the Authorized Florida Insurer Financial Abstracts for calendar years 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, as required by s. 624.315, F.S.. The Authorized Florida Insurer Financial Abstracts contain information regarding net admitted assets, liabilities, capital and surplus, and direct premiums written in Florida.

Please note: Data represented in the Authorized Florida Insurer Financial Abstracts is submitted to OIR following the conclusion of the previous calendar year. Each report below is categorized by publishing year and the calendar year data contained within the report.


The Clams Life Cycle Report (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call)

Pursuant to s. 624.424(11), F.S.,  each authorized insurer or insurer group issuing personal lines or commercial lines residential property insurance policies in Florida is required to annually file a supplemental report on an individual and group basis for closed claims with OIR. 

The Claims Life Cycle Report (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call) was designed to assist OIR and other stakeholders with identifying and understanding the life cycle of a claim and claims trends. The data reported captures information about closed claims during the previous calendar year. The data call is specific to Florida and tracks the entire life cycle of a claim. Collecting data related to the life cycle of a claim assists in detecting and resolving any emerging issues in the claims experience process. The data call is the first data collection across the country to require detailed closed claims experience from companies in this format. To ensure the integrity of the data, OIR identified irregularities and required insurers to resubmit corrected filings throughout the review process.


2024 Claims Life Cycle Report (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call)

In January 2024, OIR issued the 2024 Claims Life Cycle Reporting (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call) notice to each insurer or insurer group required to submit data. The data call was noticed to 629 companies and 187 companies submitted data filings. OIR issued the data call to all required insurers authorized to do business in the state. A company can be authorized to do business, but have no policies in force, and therefore have no data to submit. A "no data" filing allows OIR to track which companies have responded, but do not have data. 

OIR received data for a total of 658,512 unique claims closed during calendar year 2023. An overview of the claims data reported is below: 

  • Total Number of Reported Claims Closed in 2023: 658,512

  • Total Number of Litigated Claims: 64,351

  • Total Number of Non-Litigated Claims: 541,211

  • Non-Catastrophe Claims Reduced (-7.26%) from 2022 to 2023.

  • Total Cost of Indemnity Paid for Claims Closed in 2023: $15.3 Billion

  • Total Loss Adjustment Expenses (LAE) Paid for Claims Closed in 2023: $1.9 Billion

  • Average LAE Paid Across All Perils for Litigated Claims: $10,543

  • Average LAE Paid Across All Perils for Non-Litigated Claims: $2,011

Claims Closed During Calendar Year 2023

The 2024 Claims Life Cycle Report captures information about claims closed in 2023 by peril. The table below provides an overview of the closed claims data submitted for the 2024 Claims Life Cycle Report. 

PerilClosed ClaimsLitigatedNon-LitigatedUnknown
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam89,64112.55%76.96%10.48%
All Other Perils96,1116.46%83.38%10.16%
Falling Object3,3707.33%87.95%4.72%
Fire or Lightning13,9642.54%82.98%14.48%
Hurricane249,2947.40%88.33%4.27%
Other Water69,79713.25%81.25%5.50%
Sinkhole27716.01%74.02%9.96%
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)136,05813.42%71.89%14.69%

Litigated and Non-Litigated Closed Claims Comparison

Data reported by insurers can provide information about litigation practices throughout the state. The counties with the highest number of claims closed do not necessarily reflect higher numbers of litigated claims. The table below provides information on reported litigation practices. 

Area of the StatePolicies in ForceLitigated ClaimsNon-Litigated ClaimsPercentage of Litigated Claims within Region
Palm Beach, Broward, Miami-Dade Counties1,660,33927,96075,23125.94%
Seminole, Orange, Lake and Osceola Counties769,0478,60262,31310.95%
All Other Counties5,023,07427,789403,6675.85%
Statewide7,452,46064,351541,2119.73%

Combined View of Indemnity and LAE Paid for Litigated Claims

The total claim amount paid by an insurer includes the total of the indemnity paid and the total LAE paid. Indemnity is the compensation for loss. Loss Adjustment Expenses is the cost involved in an insurance company's adjustment of losses under a policy. The life of a claim begins when a claim is reported by a policyholder to an insurer. The time it takes for an insurer to close a claim varies depending on many factors, including whether or not a claim is litigated. The table below provides information on the cost of litigated claims by peril and by days to close. 

PerilDays to CloseAvg. Indemnity LitigatedAvg. Indemnity Non-LitigatedAvg. LAE LitigatedAvg. LAE Non-Litigated
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam<61 Days$22,084$8,490$10,170$1,055
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam61 - 180 Days$27,409$17,803$11,854$1,831
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam181 - 365 Days$38,241$34,797$10,702$2,714
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam>365 Days$51,335$48,140$17,765$5,932
All Other Perils<61 Days$27,771$5,813$5,629$907
All Other Perils61 - 180 Days$34,034$18,016$6,579$2,599
All Other Perils181 - 365 Days$42,479$42,068$9,343$3,627
All Other Perils>365 Days$58,279$63,632$16,038$9,776
Falling Object<61 Days$21,738$3,572$12,546$793
Falling Object61 - 180 Days$18,964$13,043$14,447$1,945
Falling Object181 - 365 Days$28,532$31,488$12,474$2,214
Falling Object>365 Days$63,826$33,317$23,595$3,180
Fire or Lightning<61 Days$63,966$27,619$18,810$1,170
Fire or Lightning61 - 180 Days$121,368$86,460$11,496$2,996
Fire or Lightning181 - 365 Days$131,552$166,172$14,149$5,407
Fire or Lightning>365 Days$226,604$265,301$28,408$9,811
Hurricane<61 Days$52,975$23,291$10,670$2,156
Hurricane61 - 180 Days$52,017$34,986$12,725$3,127
Hurricane181 - 365 Days$66,600$55,788$12,892$4,638
Hurricane>365 Days$90,376$114,898$21,470$8,514
Other Water<61 Days$25,509$9,173$8,888$1,314
Other Water61 - 180 Days$30,387$20,207$9,139$2,713
Other Water181 - 365 Days$34,936$33,607$7,955$3,419
Other Water>365 Days$45,209$60,814$14,515$5,485
Sinkhole<61 Days$76,300$2,139$22,615$2,665
Sinkhole61 - 180 Days$95,079$8,713$28,491$8,024
Sinkhole181 - 365 Days$121,524$150,818$19,652$12,253
Sinkhole>365 Days$101,496$241,847$30,924$31,855
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)<61 Days$33,953$14,164$7,996$947
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)61 - 180 Days$36,196$24,604$9,962$2,365
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)181 - 365 Days$41,790$43,878$9,206$3,023
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)>365 Days$52,858$40,898$13,825$7,647

 


2023 Claims Life Cycle Report (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call)

In January 2023, OIR issued the 2023 Claims Life Cycle Reporting (Property Claims and Litigation Data Call) notice to each insurer or insurer group required to submit data. The data call was noticed to 621 companies and 180 companies submitted data filings. OIR issued the reporting notice to all required insurers authorized to do business in the state. A company can be authorized to do business, but have no policies in force, and therefore have no data to submit. A "no data" filing allows OIR to track which companies have responded, but do not have data. The complete 2023 Claims Life Cycle Report is available here.

OIR received data for a total of 732,390 unique claims closed during calendar year 2022. An overview of the claims data reported is below: 

  • Total Number of Reported Claims Closed in 2022: 732,390

  • Total Number of Litigated Claims: 58,395

  • Total Number of Non-Litigated Claims: 534,738

  • Total Cost of Indemnity Paid for Claims Closed in 2022: $11.2 Billion

  • Total Loss Adjustment Expenses (LAE) Paid for Claims Closed in 2022: $1.5 Billion

  • Average LAE Paid Across All Perils for Litigated Claims: $9,934

  • Average LAE Paid Across All Perils for Non-Litigated Claims: $1,576

Claims Closed During Calendar Year 2022

The 2023 Claims Life Cycle Report captures information about claims closed in 2022 by peril. The table below provides an overview of the closed claims data submitted for the 2023 Claims Life Cycle Report. 

PerilClosed ClaimsLitigatedNon-LitigatedUnknown
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam84,89011.61%70.47%17.92%
All Other Perils81,7887.16%69.85%22.98%
Falling Object3,3586.05%83.92%10.04%
Fire or Lightning15,2871.91%73.76%24.33%
Hurricane291,1555.08%77.09%17.84%
Other Water83,29811.56%76.62%11.82%
Sinkhole31920.38%65.20%14.42%
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)172,29510.29%66.92%22.79%

Litigated and Non-Litigated Closed Claims Comparison

Data reported by insurers can provide information about litigation practices throughout the state. The counties with the highest number of claims closed do not necessarily reflect higher numbers of litigated claims. The table below provides information on reported litigation practices. 

Area of the StatePolicies in ForceLitigated ClaimsNon-Litigated ClaimsPercentage of Litigated Claims within Region
Palm Beach, Broward, Miami-Dade Counties1,651,62128,65375,43227.5%
Seminole, Orange, Lake and Osceola Counties846,6477,17165,6129.9%
All Other Counties4,772,82322,571393,6945.4%
Statewide7,271,09158,395534,7389.8%

Combined View of Indemnity and LAE Paid for Litigated Claims

The total claim amount paid by an insurer includes the total of the indemnity paid and the total LAE paid. Indemnity is the compensation for loss. Loss Adjustment Expenses is the cost involved in an insurance company's adjustment of losses under a policy. The life of a claim begins when a claim is reported by a policyholder to an insurer. The time it takes for an insurer to close a claim varies depending on many factors, including whether or not a claim is litigated. The table below provides information on the cost of litigated claims by peril and by days to close. 

PerilDays to CloseAvg. Indemnity LitigatedAvg. Indemnity Non-LitigatedAvg. LAE LitigatedAvg. LAE Non-Litigated
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam<61 Days$26,535$9,038$10,108$1,131
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam61 - 180 Days$31,070$17,851$10,907$1,874
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam181 - 365 Days$38,785$31,816$9,757$2,911
Accidental Discharge; Overflow of Water; Steam>365 Days$51,658$57,479$15,633$6,273
All Other Perils<61 Days$29,221$4,867$8,655$808
All Other Perils61 - 180 Days$22,914$15,057$6,927$2,608
All Other Perils181 - 365 Days$31,474$23,594$8,607$3,422
All Other Perils>365 Days$56,062$53,062$16,442$9,397
Falling Object<61 Days$26,466$2,692$11,884$767
Falling Object61 - 180 Days$25,172$7,603$15,490$1,572
Falling Object181 - 365 Days$37,520$27,268$6,557$2,383
Falling Object>365 Days$46,179$25,242$14,296$1,877
Fire or Lightning<61 Days$79,219$18,144$12,588$912
Fire or Lightning61 - 180 Days$124,059$71,845$12,058$2,675
Fire or Lightning181 - 365 Days$194,499$161,600$15,622$6,053
Fire or Lightning>365 Days$229,174$258,169$23,866$10,101
Hurricane<61 Days$65,631$11,854$11,621$1,519
Hurricane61 - 180 Days$62,646$21,067$14,980$1,896
Hurricane181 - 365 Days$69,629$42,432$14,152$5,537
Hurricane>365 Days$77,047$112,611$17,640$14,872
Other Water<61 Days$20,449$7,595$7,500$1,178
Other Water61 - 180 Days$23,690$15,938$6,597$2,711
Other Water181 - 365 Days$29,812$28,807$5,949$3,461
Other Water>365 Days$39,525$55,562$10,504$7,448
Sinkhole<61 Days$417,047$2,409$43,327$6,944
Sinkhole61 - 180 Days$112,483$17,122$24,792$10,404
Sinkhole181 - 365 Days$106,224$96,440$26,530$11,759
Sinkhole>365 Days$203,533$181,878$30,122$17,596
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)<61 Days$35,474$10,099$6,675$985
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)61 - 180 Days$35,116$16,229$7,342$2,131
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)181 - 365 Days$54,640$26,704$8,956$3,124
Windstorm or Hailstorm (other than Hurricane)>365 Days$53,594$47,292$10,298$8,026

 


Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model

Florida leads the nation in a number of ways, including its longstanding focus on comprehensive efforts to protect the insurance market. This includes innovative insurer solutions of how to apply technology and innovation to the mitigation of storm, wildfire, other risks; evaluation of insurance product innovation directed at reducing, managing, and mitigating risk, as well as closing protection gaps; considering pre-disaster mitigation and resiliency as the role of state insurance regulators; and engaging with ongoing mitigation research and analysis.

One of the tools OIR uses to protect the insurance market is the Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model (FPHLM). The FPHLM is a hurricane catastrophe model developed by a multi-disciplinary team of experts in the fields of meteorology, wind and structural engineering, computer science, GIS, statistics, finance, and actuarial science.

The model consists of three major components: wind hazard (meteorology), vulnerability (engineering), and insured loss cost (actuarial). It has over a dozen sub-components. The computer platform is designed to accommodate future hookups of additional sub-components or enhancements.

The FPHLM estimates loss costs and probable maximum loss levels from hurricane events for personal lines and commercial lines of residential property. The losses are estimated for building, appurtenant structure, contents, and additional living expenses.

In essence the FPHLM, unique to Florida, is a complex collection of computer programs that simulate and predict how, where and when hurricanes form, their wind speeds, intensity and sizes, their tracks, how they are affected by the terrain after landfall, how the winds interact with different types of structures, how much damage they can cause to house roofs, windows, doors, and interiors, how much it will cost to rebuild the damaged parts, and how much of the loss will be paid by insurers. More information on the FPHLM is available here.

Annual Reinsurance Data Call

Florida is the most catastrophe-prone region in the United States with 8,436 miles of shoreline. To spread that catastrophic risk outside of Florida's borders, insurers turn to the global reinsurance market. Reinsurance, at its most basic level, is insurance for insurance companies. Insurers rely on reinsurance to finance the payment of losses and make them better able to withstand major catastrophes, like hurricanes.

Reinsurance is a major driver in the cost of insurance and Florida's domestic property insurance industry is especially reliant on reinsurance to finance the payment of catastrophe losses and is sensitive to hardening reinsurance market conditions. For instance, as much as 40% of the premium a consumer pays goes to purchase reinsurance. When the supply of reinsurance is readily available and affordable, the capacity of domestic property insurers to write and retain business is enhanced, and the premium impact to consumers is modest. 

OIR conducts the Annual Reinsurance Data Call (ARDC) to assess insurers' financial viability in covering catastrophic losses with respect to their catastrophic reinsurance programs. The ARDC consists of four stages: 

  • Stage 1 - Collect estimate of what insurers plan to purchase for reinsurance.
  • Stage 2 - Collect the actual amount of reinsurance purchased by insurers.
  • Stage 3 - Collect information on the reinsurers utilized.
  • Stage 4 - Collect information on the reinsurance contracts. 

Based on findings from the ARDC, the year over year risk-adjusted change in reinsurance costs has decreased. More information is below: 

  • In 2023, companies reported the risk-adjusted change in reinsurance cost from 2022 was on average +27%. Prior to the 2022 legislative reforms, increases averaged as high as +60%.
  • In preparation for the 2024 reinsurance season, OIR met with Bermuda and New York based reinsures to provide an update on the state of the market, highlighting positive data points.
  • Preliminary results of the 2024 ARDC signify reinsurance remains costly with early signs indicating price stabilization after a three-year run of increased prices.
  • Preliminary results for the 2024 ARDC risk-adjusted change in reinsurance cost from 2023 indicates on average -1.7%, the first decrease in years.
  • Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund rates, approved by the Florida Cabinet in June 2024, decreased for participating insurers by a statewide average of -8.25%. These rate decreases are, in part, based on modeled loss cost indications, even while exposure grows. 

Catastrophe Stress Test

OIR is the only state in the nation to conduct a Catastrophe Stress Test (CST). The CST is an annual to evaluation of the reinsurance programs that companies have in place to respond to catastrophic events that may occur during the Atlantic hurricane season. OIR requires domestic property insurers, commercially domiciled insurers, and other selected companies to model their losses for the CST assuming a historical event or series of events occur. Through the CST, insurers are required to model a historical storm scenario, or a series of historical storm scenarios, and apply their purchased reinsurance program to the associated modeled loss.

The results of the CST are used by OIR to estimate the insurer’s surplus amounts after the simulated event and assist in determining if each insurer would continue to meet its minimum surplus requirement after each storm scenario. The 2024 CST scenarios are below: 

  • Scenario 1 - 1945 Homestead Hurricane, then 2004 Hurricane Charley, then 2004 Hurricane Frances
  • Scenario 2 - 1921 Tampa Bay Hurricane, then 2017 Hurricane Irma, then 2018 Hurricane Michael
  • Scenario 3 - 1928 Lake Okeechobee Hurricane, then 2005 Hurricane Wilma, then 2016 Hurricane Hermine

2023 CST Scenarios and Results

For the 2023 Hurricane Season, the CST was required to be submitted by domestic property insurers, commercially domiciled insurers, and other selected companies. The 2023 CST storm scenarios were:

  • Scenario 1 - 1947 Fort Lauderdale Hurricane
  • Scenario 2 - 2004 Hurricane Frances, followed by 2017 Hurricane Irma
  • Scenario 3 - 1992 Hurricane Andrew, followed by 2018 Hurricane Michael

Based on the results of the CST scenarios, three insurers were projected to fall below the minimum surplus requirement. One insurer’s parent company committed to infusing more capital should the insurer’s surplus fall below the minimum requirement following an event. One insurer merged with and into an affiliate with a projected timeline of year-end 2023. The third insurer reported a surplus above the minimum requirement and its reinsurance program was not significantly impacted by the 2023 hurricane season.

Scenario 1: 1947 Fort Lauderdale Hurricane
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, the Fort Lauderdale Hurricane (1947) would have caused approximately $22.0 billion in insured losses during the 2023 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurers are projected to be reduced to approximately $5.6 billion.

Scenario 2: Hurricane Frances (2004) and Hurricane Irma (2017)
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, Hurricane Frances (2004) and Hurricane Irma (2017) would have caused approximately $17.8 billion in insured losses during the 2023 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurers are projected to be reduced to approximately $6.4 billion.

Scenario 3: Hurricane Andrew (1992) and Hurricane Michael (2018)
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, Hurricane Andrew (1992) and Hurricane Michael (2018) would have caused approximately $29.5 billion in insured losses during the 2023 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurers are projected to be reduced to approximately $7.3 billion.

2022 CST Scenarios and Results

For the 2022 Hurricane Season, the CST was required to be submitted by domestic property insurers, commercially domiciled insurers, and other selected companies. The 2022 CST storm scenarios were:

  • Scenario 1 - 1928 Lake Okeechobee Hurricane
  • Scenario 2 - 1921 Tampa Bay Hurricane, followed by 2004 Hurricane Frances
  • Scenario 3 - 1960 Hurricane Donna, followed by 2004 Hurricane Jeanne

Based on the results of the CST scenarios, only one insurer was projected to fall below the minimum surplus requirement. The insurer’s parent company committed to infusing more capital should the insurer’s surplus fall below the minimum surplus requirement following an event.

Scenario 1: 1928 Lake Okeechobee Hurricane
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, the Lake Okeechobee Hurricane (1928) would have caused approximately $37.5 billion in insured losses during the 2022 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurer were projected to be reduced to approximately $4.5 billion. 

Scenario 2: Tampa Bay Hurricane (1921) and Hurricane Frances (2004)
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, the Tampa Bay Hurricane (1921) and Hurricane Frances (2004) would have caused approximately $15.3 billion in insured losses during the 2022 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurer were projected to be reduced to approximately $4.5 billion. 

Scenario 3: Hurricane Donna (1960) and Hurricane Jeanne (2004)
Based on modeling information provided by insurers, Hurricane Donna (1960) and Hurricane Jeanne (2004) would have caused approximately $25.7 billion in insured losses during the 2022 Atlantic Hurricane Season. After recognizing the impact of reinsurance, net losses to insurer were projected to be reduced to approximately $5.2 billion. 


Citizens Property Insurance Corporation Proposed Rate Level Effect - 2025

The proposed 2025 Citizens Rate Filings listed below can be accessed via the IRFS Forms & Rates Filing Search system by searching the file log number or by entering "Citizens" as the "company name" in the "Quick Search" tab. Additional information regarding the proposed 2025 Citizens Rate Filings is available in the Citizens 2025 Rate Media Kit here.

File Log #Overall Proposed ChangeAccountProposed Rate Level Effect by Territory and County
24-030310+13.5%Homeowners Multi-Peril (PLA)HO-3, HO-4, HO-6 (PLA)
24-030311+14.4%Homeowners Multi-Peril (CA)HO-3, HO-4, HO-6 (CA)
24-030441+13.9%Property/Personal (Dwelling Fire) (PLA)DP-1, DP-3 (PLA)
24-030444+17.2%Property/Personal (Dwelling Fire) Wind Only (CA)DW-3 (CA)
24-031016+22.1%Mobile Homeowners Multi-Peril (PLA)MHO-3, MHO-4 (PLA)
24-031018+26.6%Mobile Homeowners Multi-Peril (CA)MHO-3 (CA)
24-031814+19.0%Mobile Homeowners Physical Damage (PLA)MHO-Dwelling (PLA)
24-031855+19.7%Mobile Homeowners Physical Damage Wind Only (CA)MHO-Dwelling (CA)
24-037241+12.0%Commercial Residential Multi-Peril Condo Assn. (CLA)CRM Condo (CLA)
24-037237+11.5%Commercial Residential Multi-Peril Excluding Condo Assn. (CLA)CRM Non-Condo (CLA)
24-037430+0.0%Commercial Non-Residential Multi-Peril (CLA)CNRM (CA)
24-037523+12.2%Commercial Residential Wind Only Excluding Condo (CA)CRW Non-Condo (CA)
24-037522+12.4%Commercial Residential Wind Only Condo Assn. (CA)CRW Condo (CA)
24-037525+0.4%Commercial Non-Residential Wind Only (CA)CNRW (CA)

 


Citizens Property Insurance Corporation - 2024 Public Rate Hearing

OIR conducts an annual public rate hearing for proposed Citizens Property Insurance Corporation rate filings to hear testimony from the company and receive public comment. These hearings are open to the public and input from interested parties will be accepted. Those unable to attend the public hearings are welcome to forward comments to OIR by emailing ratehearings@hereone.net with the subject line "Citizens Property Insurance Corporation." Please note, under Florida law, written communications to OIR are public record and subject to disclosure, including being available to the public and media.

Details for the 2024 Citizens Property Insurance Corporation Public Rate Hearing are below:

WhenWhereGeneral Subject Matter to be ConsideredAdditional Materials

August 1, 2024

1 p.m. 

412K Knott Building, Tallahassee, FL 32399

Click here to register and participate online.

By Phone: 1-877-568-4108; Access Code: 768-800-634

Citizens Property Insurance Corporation has requested statewide average rate change for its business in the Coastal Account ("CA"), Commercial Lines ("CLA"), and Personal Lines Account ("PLA"). 

Agenda

Hearing Notice

Recording

Presentation

Information for previous Citizens Property Insurance Corporation rate hearings are below:


Citizens Property Insurance Corporation Depopulation/Takeout Program

Takeout, or depopulation, is the program created by the Florida Legislature that was developed to reduce the number of Citizens’ insured properties and exposure. The program, created by section 627.351(6)(q), F.S., allows new and existing insurance companies to assume policies currently covered by Citizens in an attempt to transfer policies back to the private insurance market. 

To assume policies from Citizens, private-market insurance companies must submit documentation to OIR verifying they meet OIR standards and have the financial resources and business plan in place to properly pay claims. If approved, OIR will issue a consent order indicating the number of policies eligible for removal, the assumption date and any additional stipulations.

As the property market continues to stabilize, OIR is seeing a continued interest from authorized insurers in the Citizens Depopulation program. OIR's Takeout Assumption Summaries, Takeout Company Approvals, and Requirements to Participate in the Takeout Program is available on OIR's website here

The table below information about companies approved for the takeout program, number of policies approved for assumption, number of policies removed from Citizens, and the total reduced Citizens exposure from 2019 - 2024.

YearTotal Companies Approved for TakeoutTotal Policies Approved for AssumptionTotal Policies Removed from Citizens**Reduced Citizens Exposure**
2024*181,003,727132,445$64,852,563,061
202312646,617275,324$113,375,478,857
2022480,20116,408$7,173,925,259
2021117,2082,814$1,027,251,879
2020487,2887,463$2,497,401,410
20194145,10210,084$2,180,766,592

*Calendar Year 2024 data as of 9/05/2024. 

**Data provided from Citizens Depopulation Resources page. Data as of 06/25/2024.



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Data Reporting & Collection


OIR collects data from insurers and regulated entities in accordance with Florida Statues. A full list of required data reporting is available on OIR's website here. A list of required data call reporting specific to property and casualty insurers is below: 

  • Temporary Discontinuance of Writing New Residential Property Insurance Policies - In accordance with Section 624.4301, Florida Statutes, and Rule 69O-137.014, Florida Administrative Code, any authorized insurer, before temporarily suspending writing new residential property insurance policies in Florida, must give notice to OIR. 

  • Commercial and Personal Residential Property Supplemental Quarterly Report - In accordance with section 624.424(10), Florida Statutes, insurers are required to report QUASR data to OIR on a quarterly basis.

  • Catastrophe Claims Reporting - In accordance with section 624.307, Florida Statutes, OIR can institute a data call for the purpose of collecting additional claims and other relevant information from insurers related to a natural disaster causing catastrophic damage in Florida.

  • P&C Calendar Year Experience Reporting - In accordance with section 627.915(2) and 627.915(5), Florida Statutes, companies are required to report PCCY Experience Reporting data to OIR on an annual basis. For PCCY Experience Reporting, insurers provide information on: Direct Premiums Written; Direct Premiums Earned; Loss Reserves for All Known Claims; Reserves for Losses Incurred but not Reported; Allocated Loss Adjustment Expense; Unallocated Loss Adjustment Expense; Direct Losses Paid; Underwriting Income or Loss; Commissions and Brokerage Fees; Taxes, Licenses and Fees; Other Acquisition Costs; General Expenses; Policyholder Dividends; Net Investment Gain or Loss.

  • Residential Property Claims Litigation Reporting - In accordance with s. 624.424(11), F.S., companies are required to report personal and commercial residential property claims litigation data to OIR on an annual basis. This data call details the closed claim experience for the previous calendar year.

Historic Legislative Reform


Florida has enacted historic and unprecedented reforms designed to promote market stability. OIR closely tracks the impact of legislation on Florida's property insurance market. As we begin to see the impacts from these reforms, OIR remains committed to working alongside Governor DeSantis, the Florida Cabinet and the Florida Legislature to promote a stable and competitive insurance market for consumers.

For a full overview of insurance legislation passed by the Florida Legislature, please see OIR's Legislative Summaries here. Recent legislative reforms for Florida's property insurance market include:

  • 2024: HB 1611 (Insurance), HB 1049 (Flood Disclosure in the Sale of Real Property), SB 7028 (My Safe Florida Home Program), HB 1029 (My Safe Florida Home Condominium Pilot Program)

  • 2023: HB 799 (Property Insurance), HB 881 (My Safe Florida Home Program), HB 1185 (Consumer Protection), HB 837 (Civil Remedies), SB 7052 (Insurer Accountability)

  • 2022: SB 2A (Dec. 2022 Special Session), SB 2D (May 2022 Special Session), SB 4D (May 2022 Special Session)

  • 2021: SB 76 (Property Insurance), SB 1598 (Consumer Protection)

  • 2020: HB 529 (Insurance Guaranty Associations)

  • 2019: HB 7065 (Insurance Assignment Agreements)

Following these historic legislative reforms to strengthen Florida’s insurance market, OIR has approved nine additional property & casualty insurers to enter Florida’s market. Recently approved companies:

Trident Risk Managers
Ovation Home Insurance Exchange

Manatee Insurance Exchange
Condo Owners Reciprocal Exchange
Orange Insurance Exchange
Orion180 Select Insurance Company
Orion180 Insurance Company
Mainsail Insurance Company
Tailrow Insurance Company




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  • QUASR - Additional data regarding policies in Florida is available in QUASR. The QUASR database will allow you to run reports for policies in force by quarter, by county, by policy type and by company for companies writing in Florida. Please note, data for companies filing Trade Secret will not appear within the database or the top 25 reports linked. The list of companies filing Trade Secret is available on the OIR website, including the date for which they began filing as trade secret.

  • Insurer Stability Unit Report - OIR publishes the Insurer Stability Report on January 1 and July 31. The report contains information about the stability of property and casualty insurers and offers information about average insurance premiums by county. All Insurer Stability Unit reports are available on OIR's Industry Reports page under "Property Insurance Stability Report."

  • Insurer Compliance Report - OIR is required to publish a quarterly insurer compliance report. This report details all market regulation actions OIR took for the previous quarter. All Insurer Compliance reports are available on OIR's Industry Reports page under "Insurer Compliance."

  • New Entities in the Market - OIR publishes a monthly list of all new regulated entities approved to enter Florida's insurance market. 

  • Orders and Memoranda - This page contains information on all Consent Orders and Informational Memoranda issued by OIR. 

  • OIR's Property & Casualty Market Regulation - The Property and Casualty Market Regulation unit conducts examinations and investigations of property and casualty insurers and related parties regarding business practices and patterns of alleged violations of the Florida Insurance Code. The unit also investigates allegations of unauthorized and illegal insurance activity as well as in-depth investigations of authorized insurers.

  • OIR's Property & Casualty Financial Oversight - The Property and Casualty Financial Oversight Unit is responsible for monitoring the financial condition of property and casualty, title insurers and self-insurance funds by conducting financial examinations and ongoing financial analysis.

  • Catastrophe Claims Data and Reporting - OIR collects catastrophe claims data following a disaster, such as a hurricane. Catastrophe claims data for recent disasters is available on this page.
  • Active Company Search - OIR's company search service can provide full names, business addresses, and identifying information for companies/entities doing business in the State of Florida.

  • CHOICES Rate Comparison Tool - OIR offers the CHOICES rate comparison tool to provide consumers with rate information for various types of insurance. The CHOICES tools for auto and homeowners insurance are based on three pre-defined model risk scenarios to provide the consumer with sample average rates in any Florida county. 

  • OIR Hurricane Season Resources - OIR offers resources to help consumers prepare for severe weather. 

  • My Safe Florida Home Program - The My Safe Florida Home Program provides grants to Florida homeowners for mitigating their homes against disaster impacts. 

  • Department of Financial Services' Division of Consumer Services - To file a complaint against an insurance company, contact the Department of Financial Services' Division of Consumer Services.

  • NAIC Consumer Database - The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) offers a consumer database which allows individuals to look up company complaint and financial information by state and insurance type.